Interests:Dynamic Mesoscale Meteorology and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
- Mesoscale convective systems and related phenomena: cumulonimbus clouds,
tornadoes and downbursts
- Marine Cyclones: Extratropical cyclones, Typhoons/Hurricanes, Polar lows
and subtropical cyclones
- Dynamics of convection and vortices in the atmosphere and oceans: organization
of convcetion, momentum transport by convection etc.
- Dynamics of atmospheric and oceanic boudary layers and turbulence transport
- Oceanic microstructure and double-diffusive convection
- Ocenaic response to a tropical storm and anglular momentum exchange among
the atmosphere, oceans and the solid earth
Approach
- We are studying the dynamics and mechanisms of atmospheric and oceanic
motions by means of observations, data analysis, theory, numerical simulations
and labortory experiments.
Ongoing research projects
- Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) from Japan Society for the Promotion
of Sciences: Structure and generation mechanism of severe microscale phenomena
cased by a cumulonimbus cloud.
- Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) from Japan Society for the Promotion
of Sciences: A Laboratory study on a baroclinic instability caused by a
bottom cooling using a large turntable.
- Research Revolution 2002 (RR2002) of Project for Sustainable Coexistence
of Human, Nature and the Earth (FY2002) of the Minstry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science, and Technology: Improvement of parameterization of physical
processes.
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| Dynamics of tornadoes and their parent storms |
- Niino, H., O. Suzuki, H. Nirasawa, T. Fujitani, H. Ohno, I. Takayabu, N.
Kinoshita, Y. Ogura, 1993: Tornadoes in Chiba Prefecture on 11 December
1990. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3001-3018.download pdf.file(1.7MB)
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| Funnel cloud of the Mobara tornado on 11 December 1990 (Courtesy of Mr.
Kazumi Suzuki ( from Suzuki and Niino, 1991, Tenki) |
| Radar image of a supercell storm that spwaned the Kamogawa tornado on 11
December 1990 (Courtesy of Tokyo Airport Local Meteorological Observatory
( from Suzuki and Niino, 1991, Tenki) |
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- Niino, H., O. Suzuki, H. Nirasawa, T. Fujitani, H. Ohno, I. Takayabu, N.
Kinoshita, T. Murota and N. Yamaguchi, 1993: An observational study of
the Mobara Tornado, In The Tornado: Its Structure, Dynamics, Prediction,
and Hazards. Geophys. Monogr., 79, 511-519.
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- Suzuki, O., H. Niino, H. Ohno and H. Nirasawa., 1996: Tornado producing
bonsai supercells associated with typhoon 9019. Preprints 18th Conf. on
Severe Local Storms, Feb. 19-23, San Francisco, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
344-348.
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- Niino, H., T. Fujitani and N. Watanabe, 1997: A statistical study of tornadoes
and waterspouts in Japan from 1961 to 1993. J. Climate, 10, 1730-1752.
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- Suzuki, O., H. Niino, H. Ohno and H. Nirasawa, 2000: Tornado producing
mini supercells associated with Typhoon 9019. Mon. Wea. Rev.,128,1868-1882.
download pdf.file(2.3MB)
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- Niino, H. and A. Noda, 2000: Numerical simulation of a mini-supercell over
Kanto plain on 19 September 1990. Preprint 20th Conf. on Severe Local Storms,
September 14-18, Orland, Florida, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 607-610.
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- Noda, A. and H. Niino, 2001: Vortex-lines and airflow structure near a
tornado-like vortex in a simulated mini-supercell. Preprint 9th Conf. on
Mesoscale Processes. 30 July- 3 August 2001, FL., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 552-556.
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- Noda, A. and H. Niino, 2003: Critical Grid Size for Simulating Convective
Storms: A Case Study of the Del City Supercell Storm. Geophys. Res. Letters,
30, No.16, 1844, doi:10.1029/2003GL017498.
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- Noda, A.T. and H. Niino, 2005:Genesis and Structure of a Major Tornado
in a Numerically-simulated Supercell Storm: Importance of Vertical Vorticity
in a Gust Front, SOLA (Accepted) .
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| Downbursts |
- Takayama, H., H. Niino, S. Watanabe and J. Sugaya, 1997: Downbursts in
the northwestern part of Saitama prefecture on 8 September 1994. J. Meteor.
Soc. Japan, 75, 885-905.
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- Guo, Xueliang, H. Niino and R. Kimura,1999:Numerical simulation of a downburst-producing
convective storm: Some preliminary results, Lecture Note of Reserach
Institute for Mathematical Science, Kyoto University, 115,165-180.
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- Guo, Xueliang, H. Niino and R. Kimura,1999:Numerical Modelling on a Hazardous
Microburst-Producing Hailstorm, Proc. International Symposium on Digital
Earth, Science Press, Beijing, 383-398.
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- Guo, Xueliang, Hiroshi Niino, Ryuji Kimura, 2004: Modeling Study of a Microburst-Producing
Storm on 8 September 1994 in Saitama Prefecture in "The Atmosphere
and Oceans as Seen from the Viewpoint of Fluid Mechanics",Kaiyo Maonthly,
Extra Issue, No.38, 162-167.
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| Polar lows |
- Yanase, W., H. Niino and K. Saito, 2001: Cloud-resolving simulation of
a polar low over Japan sea, Preprint 9th Conf. on Mesoscale Processes.
30 July- 3 August 2001, FL., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 497-501.download pdf.file(675KB)
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| GMS-5 infrared image of the polar low over the Japan Sea at 0500JST on
22 January 1997（Courtesy of Japan Meteorological Agency; Fu et al., 2004b) |
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- Yanase, W., H. Niino, and K. Saito, 2001: A numerical study on the structure
and developing mechanism of a polar low over the Japan Sea. CAS/JSC WGNE
Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling, 31, 5.46-5.47.
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- Yanase, W., Niino, H. and K. Saito , 2001: A numerical study on a polar
low development over the Japan Sea. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale
Metorology and Typhoon in East Asia, September 26-28, Taipei, NSC/CWB/NTU
of Taiwan, 124-129
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- Yanase, W., H. Niino and K. Saito, 2002: High-resolution simulation of
a polar low, Geophys. Res. Letters, 29, No.14, 1658, 10.1029/2002GL014736
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- Yanase, W., H. Niino and K. Saito, 2002: A numerical study on structure
of a polar low over the Japan Sea. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale
Convective Systems and heavy Rainfall/Snowfall in East Asia. Oct. 29-31,
2002, Tokyo, Japan Science and Technology Cooporation, and Chinese Academy
of Meteorological Sciences, 416-421.
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- Fu, G., H. Niino, R. Kimura and T. Kato, 2004a: Multiple polar mesocyclones
over the Japan sea on 11 February 1997, Mon. Wea, Rev., 132, 793-814.
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- Fu, G., H. Niino, R. Kimura and T. Kato, 2004b: A polar low over the Japan
Sea on 21 January 1997: Part I. Observational analysis, Mon. Wea. Rev.,
132, 1537-1551.
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- Yanase, W., Fu, G., H. Niino and T. Kato, 2004: A polar low over the Japan
Sea on 21 January 1997: Part II. Numerical simulation, Mon. Wea. Rev.,
132, 1552-1574.
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- Yanase, W. and H. Niino, 2004: Effects of baroclinicity on the cloud pattern
and structure of polar lows - A high-resolution numerical experiment -.
Geophys. Res. Letters (Accepted).
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| Torrential rain and extratropical cyclones |
- Kanai, H. and Niino, H. , 2001: Torrential rain associated with an extratropical
cyclone on 27 October 1999. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Metorology
and Typhoon in East Asia, September 26-28, Taipei, NSC/CWB/NTU of Taiwan,
380-385.
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- Kanai, H., H. Niino, F. Fujibe and T. Kato, 2002: A numerical study on
a rapidly developing mid-latitude cyclone that caused a heavy rainfall
event on 27 October 1999. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Convective
Systems and heavy Rainfall/Snowfall in East Asia. Oct. 29-31, 2002, Tokyo,
Japan Science and Technology Cooporation, and Chinese Academy of Meteorological
Sciences, 67-70.
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| Heat thunderstorms |
- Yoshida, M. and H. Niino, 2002: Predictability of air-mass thunderstorms
over complex topography by a non-hydrostatic meso-scale model. Proc. International
Conf. on Mesoscale Convective Systems and heavy Rainfall/Snowfall in East
Asia. Oct. 29-31, 2002, Tokyo, Japan Science and Technology Cooporation,
and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 464-469.
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| Extratropical cyclones |
- Takayabu, I., H. Niino, M.D. Yamanaka and S. Fukao, 1996: An observational
study of cyclogenesis in the lee of the Japan Central Mountains. Meteor.
Atmos. Phys., 61, 39-53.
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| Layer structure of the atmosphere |
- Chuda, T., R. Kimura and H. Niino, 1999: Detection of vertical fine structures
in the free atmosphere. Proc. Japan Academy. Japan, 75, Ser.B, 885-905.
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Dynamics of barotropica instability
A mechanism by which an array of vortices is generated spontaneously in
a horizontal shear flow in the atmosphere and oceans. |
| Vortices obtained in a laboratory experiment of barotropic instability(Niino
and Misawa, 1984)。 |
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- Niino, H., 1982: A Weakly Non-linear Theory of Barotropic Instability.
J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 60, 1001-1023.
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- Niino, H., 1982: A Note on the Stability of Finite Amplitude Wave Solution
of the Generalized Landau Equation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol.60, 1024-1033.
(Key Words: Ginzburg Landau equation ; Sideband instability ; complex Landau
coefficients ) download pdf.file(4.65MB)
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- Niino, H. and N. Misawa, 1984: An Experimental and Theoretical Study of
Barotropic Instability. J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 41, 1992-2011download pdf.file(2.3MB)
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- Toyoda, E., H. Niino, K. Tsuboki, R. Kimura and M. Yoshizaki, 1999:Mid-tropospheric
anticyclonic vortex street associated with a cloud band near a cold front.
J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2637-2656.
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| Dynamics of baroclinic instability |
- Yanase, W. and H. Niino, 2004: Structure and energetics of non-geostrophic
non-hydrostatic baroclinic instability with and without convective heating.
J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 82, 1261-1279.(Abstract+pdf.file)
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| Dynamics of horizontal convection Dynamics of heat island circulation, land- and sea-breeze circulaiton |
- Niino, H., 1987: The Linear Theory of Land and Sea Breeze Circulation.
J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 65, 901-921.
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- Mori, A. and H. Niino, 2000: Self-similar solutions for the formation of
the non-linear lateral convection in a stratified fluid. Proc. Fifth International
Symp. on Stratified Flows, Vancouver, 10-13 July, 2000, 1085-1090.
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- Noguchi, T. and H. Niino, 2000: Inner structure of the head of axisymmetric
gravity current. J. Visualization, No. 2.
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- Mori, A. and H. Niino, 2002: Time evolution of nonlinear horizontal convection
: Its flow regimes and self-similar solutions. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1841-1856.
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Double-diffusive convection and oceanic microstructure
Convection that develops in a stably stratified ocean due to the difference
of the diffusivities of heat and salt |
- Niino, H., 1986: A Linear Stability Theory of Double-Diffusive Horizontal
Intrusion. J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 171, 71-100.
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| Step structure of density profile and multi-layered convecion due to diffusive
convection. The color shows density anomaly and lines show streamlines
(Noguchi and Niino, 2000). |
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- Yoshida, J., H. Nagashima and H. Niino, 1989: The Behavior of Double-Diffusive
Intrusion in a Rotating System. J. Geophys. Res., Vol.94, No. C4, 4923-4937.
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- Noguchi, T. and H. Niino, 2000: Formation and growth of layers in an infinite
stably startified fluid due to diffusive convection. Proc. Fifth International
Symp. on Stratified Flows, Vancouver, 10-13 July, 2000, 703-707.
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| Dynamics of Turbulence and atmospheric/oceanic boundary layers |
- Kinoshita, N. and H. Niino, 1990: On the Depth of the Surface Layer of
the Turbulent Ekman Layer. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 68, 747-751.
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- Mouri, H.,, H. Kubotani, T. Fujitani, H. Niino and M. Takaoka, 1999: Wavelet
analyses of velocities in laboratory isotropic turbulence. J. Fluid Mech.
, 389, 229 - 254.
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- Nakanishi, M. and H. Niino, 2004: An improved Mellor-Yamada level 3 model
with condensation physics : Its design and verification. Bound.-Layer Meteor.,
112, 1-31. download pdf.file(899KB)
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| Jets and plumes in a rotating fluid |
- Niino, H., 1978: Turbulent Jet in a Rotating Fluid. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan,
Vol. 56, 527-547.
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- Niino, H., 1980: Evolutions of a Laminar Jet in a Homogeneous Rotating
Fluid. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 58, 33-51.
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| Inertia instability |
- Niino, H., 1988: Inertial instability of the Stewartson E1/4-layer. Fluid Dyn. Res., Vol. 3, 407-414.
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Angular momentum exchange among the atmosphere, oceans and the solid earth
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- Yoshioka, M.K., H., Niino and R. Kimura, 2002: Significance of non-rotational
wind stress in the seasonal variation of continental torque. Tellus, 54A,
390-405.
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- Niino, H.,:The 3rd Tornado Symposium, Norman, Okalahoma,
- Suzuki, O., H. Niino, H. Ohno, and H. Nirasawa, 1998: Tornado producing
bonsai supercells associated with Typhoon 9019, Preprint 18th Conf. on
Severe Local Storms, San Francisco, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 344-348.
- Suzuki, O., H. Niino and Cooperative Research Group of Okinawa Observatory,
1998: Statistical study on tornadoes, waterspouts and funnels aloft in
Okinawa prefecture in Japan, Preprint 19th Conf. on Severe Local Storms,
September 14-18, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 105-107.
- Niino, H. and A. Noda, 1999: Numerical simulation of a mini-supercell over
Kanto plain on 19 September 1990. Proc. Workshop on Mesoscale Numerical
Weather Prediction and its applications, Japan Meteorological Agency and
Ship & Ocean Foundation, 69-72.
- Niino, H., A. Noda and W. Yanase, 2002: Dynamics and structure of violent
atmospheric vortices. Proc. International Symposium on Dynamics and Statics
of Coherent Structures in Turbulence: Roles of Elementary Vortices (Ed.
S. Kida), Oct. 21-23, 2002, Tokyo, 175-192.
- Niino, H. and W. Yanase, 2004: Structure, morphology and energetics of
polar lows: A numerical study. First THORPEX Science Symposium, 6-10 December
2004, Montreal, Canada.
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