Interests
Approach Master thesises
Ongoing research projects Doctor thesises
To Japanese
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Original Papers and Reviews
Mesoscale
meteorology
Dynamics of tornaodes and their parent storms
Downbursts
Polar lows
Torrential rain and extratropical cyclones
Heat thunderstorms
Extratropical cyclones
Layer structure in the atmosphere
Geophyisical Fluid Dynamics
Dynamics of Barotropic instability
Dynamics of baroclinic instability
Dynamics of horizontal convection
Double-diffusive convection
Dynamics of turbulence and atmospheric boudary layer
Jets and plumes in a rotating fluid
Inertia instability
Angular momentum exchange among the atmosphere, oceans and the solid earth
Other publications Academic societies/Links
Interests:Dynamic Mesoscale Meteorology and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
  • Mesoscale convective systems and related phenomena: cumulonimbus clouds, tornadoes and downbursts
  • Marine Cyclones: Extratropical cyclones, Typhoons/Hurricanes, Polar lows and subtropical cyclones
  • Dynamics of convection and vortices in the atmosphere and oceans: organization of convcetion, momentum transport by convection etc.
  • Dynamics of atmospheric and oceanic boudary layers and turbulence transport
  • Oceanic microstructure and double-diffusive convection
  • Ocenaic response to a tropical storm and anglular momentum exchange among the atmosphere, oceans and the solid earth
Approach
  • We are studying the dynamics and mechanisms of atmospheric and oceanic motions by means of observations, data analysis, theory, numerical simulations and labortory experiments.
Ongoing research projects
  • Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences: Structure and generation mechanism of severe microscale phenomena cased by a cumulonimbus cloud.
  • Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences: A Laboratory study on a baroclinic instability caused by a bottom cooling using a large turntable.
  • Research Revolution 2002 (RR2002) of Project for Sustainable Coexistence of Human, Nature and the Earth (FY2002) of the Minstry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology: Improvement of parameterization of physical processes.
Original papers and reviews
Dynamics of tornadoes and their parent storms
  • Niino, H., O. Suzuki, H. Nirasawa, T. Fujitani, H. Ohno, I. Takayabu, N. Kinoshita, Y. Ogura, 1993: Tornadoes in Chiba Prefecture on 11 December 1990. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3001-3018.download pdf.file(1.7MB)

Funnel cloud of the Mobara tornado on 11 December 1990 (Courtesy of Mr. Kazumi Suzuki ( from Suzuki and Niino, 1991, Tenki)

Radar image of a supercell storm that spwaned the Kamogawa tornado on 11 December 1990 (Courtesy of Tokyo Airport Local Meteorological Observatory ( from Suzuki and Niino, 1991, Tenki)
  • Niino, H., O. Suzuki, H. Nirasawa, T. Fujitani, H. Ohno, I. Takayabu, N. Kinoshita, T. Murota and N. Yamaguchi, 1993: An observational study of the Mobara Tornado, In The Tornado: Its Structure, Dynamics, Prediction, and Hazards. Geophys. Monogr., 79, 511-519.
  • Suzuki, O., H. Niino, H. Ohno and H. Nirasawa., 1996: Tornado producing bonsai supercells associated with typhoon 9019. Preprints 18th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Feb. 19-23, San Francisco, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 344-348.
  • Niino, H., T. Fujitani and N. Watanabe, 1997: A statistical study of tornadoes and waterspouts in Japan from 1961 to 1993. J. Climate, 10, 1730-1752.
  • Suzuki, O., H. Niino, H. Ohno and H. Nirasawa, 2000: Tornado producing mini supercells associated with Typhoon 9019. Mon. Wea. Rev.,128,1868-1882. download pdf.file(2.3MB)
  • Niino, H. and A. Noda, 2000: Numerical simulation of a mini-supercell over Kanto plain on 19 September 1990. Preprint 20th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, September 14-18, Orland, Florida, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 607-610.
  • Noda, A. and H. Niino, 2001: Vortex-lines and airflow structure near a tornado-like vortex in a simulated mini-supercell. Preprint 9th Conf. on Mesoscale Processes. 30 July- 3 August 2001, FL., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 552-556.
  • Noda, A. and H. Niino, 2003: Critical Grid Size for Simulating Convective Storms: A Case Study of the Del City Supercell Storm. Geophys. Res. Letters, 30, No.16, 1844, doi:10.1029/2003GL017498.
  • Noda, A.T. and H. Niino, 2005:Genesis and Structure of a Major Tornado in a Numerically-simulated Supercell Storm: Importance of Vertical Vorticity in a Gust Front, SOLA (Accepted) .

Downbursts
  • Takayama, H., H. Niino, S. Watanabe and J. Sugaya, 1997: Downbursts in the northwestern part of Saitama prefecture on 8 September 1994. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 75, 885-905.
  • Guo, Xueliang, H. Niino and R. Kimura,1999:Numerical simulation of a downburst-producing convective storm: Some preliminary  results, Lecture Note of Reserach Institute for Mathematical Science, Kyoto University, 115,165-180.
  • Guo, Xueliang, H. Niino and R. Kimura,1999:Numerical Modelling on a Hazardous Microburst-Producing Hailstorm, Proc. International Symposium on Digital Earth, Science Press, Beijing, 383-398.
  • Guo, Xueliang, Hiroshi Niino, Ryuji Kimura, 2004: Modeling Study of a Microburst-Producing Storm on 8 September 1994 in Saitama Prefecture in "The Atmosphere and Oceans as Seen from the Viewpoint of Fluid Mechanics",Kaiyo Maonthly, Extra Issue, No.38, 162-167.

Polar lows
  • Yanase, W., H. Niino and K. Saito, 2001: Cloud-resolving simulation of a polar low over Japan sea, Preprint 9th Conf. on Mesoscale Processes. 30 July- 3 August 2001, FL., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 497-501.download pdf.file(675KB)

GMS-5 infrared image of the polar low over the Japan Sea at 0500JST on 22 January 1997(Courtesy of Japan Meteorological Agency; Fu et al., 2004b)
  • Yanase, W., H. Niino, and K. Saito, 2001: A numerical study on the structure and developing mechanism of a polar low over the Japan Sea. CAS/JSC WGNE Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling, 31, 5.46-5.47.
  • Yanase, W., Niino, H. and K. Saito , 2001: A numerical study on a polar low development over the Japan Sea. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Metorology and Typhoon in East Asia, September 26-28, Taipei, NSC/CWB/NTU of Taiwan, 124-129
  • Yanase, W., H. Niino and K. Saito, 2002: High-resolution simulation of a polar low, Geophys. Res. Letters, 29, No.14, 1658, 10.1029/2002GL014736
  • Yanase, W., H. Niino and K. Saito, 2002: A numerical study on structure of a polar low over the Japan Sea. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Convective Systems and heavy Rainfall/Snowfall in East Asia. Oct. 29-31, 2002, Tokyo, Japan Science and Technology Cooporation, and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 416-421.
  • Fu, G., H. Niino, R. Kimura and T. Kato, 2004a: Multiple polar mesocyclones over the Japan sea on 11 February 1997, Mon. Wea, Rev., 132, 793-814.
  • Fu, G., H. Niino, R. Kimura and T. Kato, 2004b: A polar low over the Japan
    Sea on 21 January  1997: Part I. Observational analysis, Mon. Wea. Rev.,
    132, 1537-1551.
  • Yanase, W., Fu, G., H. Niino and T. Kato, 2004: A polar low over the Japan
    Sea on 21 January 1997: Part II. Numerical simulation, Mon. Wea. Rev.,
    132, 1552-1574.
  • Yanase, W. and H. Niino, 2004: Effects of baroclinicity on the cloud pattern and structure of polar lows - A high-resolution numerical experiment -. Geophys. Res. Letters (Accepted).

Torrential rain and extratropical cyclones
  • Kanai, H. and Niino, H. , 2001: Torrential rain associated with an extratropical cyclone on 27 October 1999. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Metorology and Typhoon in East Asia, September 26-28, Taipei, NSC/CWB/NTU of Taiwan, 380-385.
  • Kanai, H., H. Niino, F. Fujibe and T. Kato, 2002: A numerical study on a rapidly developing mid-latitude cyclone that caused a heavy rainfall event on 27 October 1999. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Convective Systems and heavy Rainfall/Snowfall in East Asia. Oct. 29-31, 2002, Tokyo, Japan Science and Technology Cooporation, and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 67-70.
Heat thunderstorms
  • Yoshida, M. and H. Niino, 2002: Predictability of air-mass thunderstorms over complex topography by a non-hydrostatic meso-scale model. Proc. International Conf. on Mesoscale Convective Systems and heavy Rainfall/Snowfall in East Asia. Oct. 29-31, 2002, Tokyo, Japan Science and Technology Cooporation, and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 464-469.

Extratropical cyclones
  • Takayabu, I., H. Niino, M.D. Yamanaka and S. Fukao, 1996: An observational study of cyclogenesis in the lee of the Japan Central Mountains. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 61, 39-53.

Layer structure of the atmosphere
  • Chuda, T., R. Kimura and H. Niino, 1999: Detection of vertical fine structures in the free atmosphere. Proc. Japan Academy. Japan, 75, Ser.B, 885-905.


   
Dynamics of barotropica instability
  A mechanism by which an array of vortices is generated spontaneously in a horizontal shear flow in the atmosphere and oceans.

Vortices obtained in a laboratory experiment of barotropic instability(Niino and Misawa, 1984)。
  • Niino, H., 1982: A Weakly Non-linear Theory of Barotropic Instability. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 60, 1001-1023.
  • Niino, H., 1982: A Note on the Stability of Finite Amplitude Wave Solution of the Generalized Landau Equation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol.60, 1024-1033. (Key Words: Ginzburg Landau equation ; Sideband instability ; complex Landau coefficients ) download pdf.file(4.65MB)
  • Niino, H. and N. Misawa, 1984: An Experimental and Theoretical Study of Barotropic Instability. J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 41, 1992-2011download pdf.file(2.3MB)
  • Toyoda, E., H. Niino, K. Tsuboki, R. Kimura and M. Yoshizaki, 1999:Mid-tropospheric anticyclonic vortex street associated with a cloud band near a cold front. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2637-2656.


Dynamics of baroclinic instability  
  • Yanase, W. and H. Niino, 2004: Structure and energetics of non-geostrophic
    non-hydrostatic baroclinic instability with and without convective heating.
    J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 82, 1261-1279.(Abstract+pdf.file)
Dynamics of horizontal convection  Dynamics of heat island circulation, land- and sea-breeze circulaiton
  • Niino, H., 1987: The Linear Theory of Land and Sea Breeze Circulation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 65, 901-921.
  • Mori, A. and H. Niino, 2000: Self-similar solutions for the formation of the non-linear lateral convection in a stratified fluid. Proc. Fifth International Symp. on Stratified Flows, Vancouver, 10-13 July, 2000, 1085-1090.
  • Noguchi, T. and H. Niino, 2000: Inner structure of the head of axisymmetric gravity current. J. Visualization, No. 2.
  • Mori, A. and H. Niino, 2002: Time evolution of nonlinear horizontal convection : Its flow regimes and self-similar solutions. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1841-1856.

Double-diffusive convection and oceanic microstructure
  Convection that develops in a stably stratified ocean due to the difference of the diffusivities of heat and salt
  • Niino, H., 1986: A Linear Stability Theory of Double-Diffusive Horizontal Intrusion. J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 171, 71-100.

Step structure of density profile and multi-layered convecion due to diffusive convection. The color shows density anomaly and lines show streamlines (Noguchi and Niino, 2000).
  • Yoshida, J., H. Nagashima and H. Niino, 1989: The Behavior of Double-Diffusive Intrusion in a Rotating System. J. Geophys. Res., Vol.94, No. C4, 4923-4937.
  • Noguchi, T. and H. Niino, 2000: Formation and growth of layers in an infinite stably startified fluid due to diffusive convection. Proc. Fifth International Symp. on Stratified Flows, Vancouver, 10-13 July, 2000, 703-707.

Dynamics of Turbulence and atmospheric/oceanic boundary layers
  • Kinoshita, N. and H. Niino, 1990: On the Depth of the Surface Layer of the Turbulent Ekman Layer. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 68, 747-751.
  • Mouri, H.,, H. Kubotani, T. Fujitani, H. Niino and M. Takaoka, 1999: Wavelet analyses of velocities in laboratory isotropic turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. , 389, 229 - 254.
  • Nakanishi, M. and H. Niino, 2004: An improved Mellor-Yamada level 3 model with condensation physics : Its design and verification. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 112, 1-31. download pdf.file(899KB)

Jets and plumes in a rotating fluid
  • Niino, H., 1978: Turbulent Jet in a Rotating Fluid. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 56, 527-547.
  • Niino, H., 1980: Evolutions of a Laminar Jet in a Homogeneous Rotating Fluid. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 58, 33-51.

Inertia instability
  • Niino, H., 1988: Inertial instability of the Stewartson E1/4-layer. Fluid Dyn. Res., Vol. 3, 407-414.


Angular momentum exchange among the atmosphere, oceans and the solid earth
  • Yoshioka, M.K., H., Niino and R. Kimura, 2002: Significance of non-rotational wind stress in the seasonal variation of continental torque. Tellus, 54A, 390-405.

Other publications
Books
Technical report
Reviews
Miscellaneous
International
confereces
  • Niino, H.,:The 3rd Tornado Symposium, Norman, Okalahoma,
  • Suzuki, O., H. Niino, H. Ohno, and H. Nirasawa, 1998: Tornado producing bonsai supercells associated with Typhoon 9019, Preprint 18th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, San Francisco, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 344-348.
  • Suzuki, O., H. Niino and Cooperative Research Group of Okinawa Observatory, 1998: Statistical study on tornadoes, waterspouts and funnels aloft in Okinawa prefecture in Japan, Preprint 19th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, September 14-18, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 105-107.
  • Niino, H. and A. Noda, 1999: Numerical simulation of a mini-supercell over Kanto plain on 19 September 1990. Proc. Workshop on Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction and its applications, Japan Meteorological Agency and Ship & Ocean Foundation, 69-72.
  • Niino, H., A. Noda and W. Yanase, 2002: Dynamics and structure of violent atmospheric vortices. Proc. International Symposium on Dynamics and Statics of Coherent Structures in Turbulence: Roles of Elementary Vortices (Ed. S. Kida), Oct. 21-23, 2002, Tokyo, 175-192.
  • Niino, H. and W. Yanase, 2004: Structure, morphology and energetics of polar lows: A numerical study. First THORPEX Science Symposium, 6-10 December 2004, Montreal, Canada.
Master thesises
  • .
Doctor thesises
  • Atushi Mori, 2004: Dynamics of nonlinear horizontal convection with and withoutrotation, 101pp.
  • Wataru Yanase, 2004:A Numerical Study on the Structure and Dynamics of Polar Lows, 94pp.
  • Takashi Noguchi, 2004:Formation, Growth, and Structure of Multi-layered Convection due to Double-diffusive Instability, 109pp.
  • Akira T. Noda, 2003: A Numerical Study on Tornadogenesis in a Supercell Thunderstorm, 93pp.
  • Hiromu Seko, 2001: Study of the shapes and maintenance mechanisms of meso-β scale line-shaped precipitation systems in the middle-latitudes, 78pp.+2 tables and 82 figures.
  • Masayuki Kawashima, 2000: A numerical study on the periodic variation of convective system of a squall type, 57pp.+ 1 table + 54 figures.
  • Mikio Nakanishi, 1999: A numerical study on the internal structure and prediction of fog, 147pp.
  • Tadashi Tsuyuki, 1999: Four-dimensional Variational Assimilation for the Tropical Atmosphere Using Precipitation Data, 80pp.+ 3 tables + 36 figures
  • Teruyuki Kato, 1998: Numerical Study of the Formation and Maintenance Mechanisms of a Rainband inducing a Heavy Rainfall, 111pp.+ 8 tables + 48 figures.
Academic societies
Membership of academic societies
Meteorological Society of Japan Japan Society for Fluid Mechanics Japan Oceanographical Sciety
Japan Society of Natural Disaster Science Japan Wind Engineering Sciety American Meteorological Society
Activities in academic societies
  • Member of Steering Committee, Meteorological Sciety of Japan
  • Editor-in-Chief of "Tenki", Bulletin of Meteorological Sciety of Japan
  • Member of Editorial Committee of "SOLA", Electronic Letter Journal of Meteorological Sciety of Japan
Europian Polar Low Working Group
Japan Meteorological Agency
Typhoon data
In preparation
In preparation

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